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Endoplasmic reticulum: reduced and oxidized glutathione revisited.

Identifieur interne : 000768 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000767; suivant : 000769

Endoplasmic reticulum: reduced and oxidized glutathione revisited.

Auteurs : Julia Birk [Suisse] ; Mariangela Meyer ; Isabel Aller ; Henning G. Hansen ; Alex Odermatt ; Tobias P. Dick ; Andreas J. Meyer ; Christian Appenzeller-Herzog

Source :

RBID : pubmed:23424194

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

The reducing power of glutathione, expressed by its reduction potential EGSH, is an accepted measure for redox conditions in a given cell compartment. In the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), EGSH is less reducing than elsewhere in the cell. However, attempts to determine EGSH(ER) have been inconsistent and based on ineligible assumptions. Using a codon-optimized and evidently glutathione-specific glutaredoxin-coupled redox-sensitive green fluorescent protein (roGFP) variant, we determined EGSH(ER) in HeLa cells as -208±4 mV (at pH 7.0). At variance with existing models, this is not oxidizing enough to maintain the known redox state of protein disulfide isomerase family enzymes. Live-cell microscopy confirmed ER hypo-oxidation upon inhibition of ER Ca(2+) import. Conversely, stressing the ER with a glycosylation inhibitor did not lead to more reducing conditions, as reported for yeast. These results, which for the first time establish the oxidative capacity of glutathione in the ER, illustrate a context-dependent interplay between ER stress and EGSH(ER). The reported development of ER-localized EGSH sensors will enable more targeted in vivo redox analyses in ER-related disorders.

DOI: 10.1242/jcs.117218
PubMed: 23424194


Affiliations:


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Le document en format XML

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<term>Green Fluorescent Proteins (genetics)</term>
<term>Green Fluorescent Proteins (metabolism)</term>
<term>HeLa Cells (MeSH)</term>
<term>Humans (MeSH)</term>
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<term>Oxydoréduction (MeSH)</term>
<term>Protéines à fluorescence verte (génétique)</term>
<term>Protéines à fluorescence verte (métabolisme)</term>
<term>Réponse aux protéines mal repliées (génétique)</term>
<term>Réponse aux protéines mal repliées (physiologie)</term>
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<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The reducing power of glutathione, expressed by its reduction potential EGSH, is an accepted measure for redox conditions in a given cell compartment. In the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), EGSH is less reducing than elsewhere in the cell. However, attempts to determine EGSH(ER) have been inconsistent and based on ineligible assumptions. Using a codon-optimized and evidently glutathione-specific glutaredoxin-coupled redox-sensitive green fluorescent protein (roGFP) variant, we determined EGSH(ER) in HeLa cells as -208±4 mV (at pH 7.0). At variance with existing models, this is not oxidizing enough to maintain the known redox state of protein disulfide isomerase family enzymes. Live-cell microscopy confirmed ER hypo-oxidation upon inhibition of ER Ca(2+) import. Conversely, stressing the ER with a glycosylation inhibitor did not lead to more reducing conditions, as reported for yeast. These results, which for the first time establish the oxidative capacity of glutathione in the ER, illustrate a context-dependent interplay between ER stress and EGSH(ER). The reported development of ER-localized EGSH sensors will enable more targeted in vivo redox analyses in ER-related disorders.</div>
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